Poor water pressure can be a frustrating issue, affecting everything from showering to washing dishes. Whether the problem is limited to a specific faucet or is noticeable throughout your entire home, there are several possible causes (and solutions). In fact, the fixes are sometimes very easy and achieved through simple troubleshooting and maintenance. Before you call in the plumbing professionals, let's take a look at a few of the common causes and methods of correcting the water pressure in your home.
Causes of Low Water Pressure
Clogged Pipes and Faucets
One of the most common reasons for issues with water pressure is clogged pipes or faucets, so if you're frustrated with your kitchen sink or washing machine, consider this:
- Mineral Buildup: Hard water can lead to mineral deposit buildup inside pipes and fixtures, gradually reducing water flow. This is the same sediment buildup that occurs in your toilet bowl and around the edges of your kitchen faucet handle.
- Debris Buildup: Rust, dirt, and other debris can accumulate in pipes, particularly if your plumbing system is old. <raises hands>
Faulty Plumbing Fixtures
Sometimes the problem lies within the fixtures themselves.
- Aerators: The small screen at the tip of your faucet can become clogged with mineral deposits. Did you even realize you could remove the end of the aerator off the end of your faucet head?
- Showerheads: Similar to aerators, shower heads can also get clogged over time, reducing water flow.
Three Ways to Fix Low Water Pressure Issues
1. Clean Faucet Aerators and Showerheads
- Remove the Aerator or Showerhead: Unscrew the aerator from the faucet or the showerhead from the pipe.
- Soak in Vinegar: Soak the aerator or showerhead in white vinegar for several hours to dissolve mineral deposits.
- Scrub and Rinse: Use a brush to scrub away any remaining debris, then rinse thoroughly and reattach.
2. Checking for Plumbing Leaks
- Inspect Visible Pipes and All Water Sources: Check exposed pipes in your basement, crawl space, or utility room for signs of water leaks. Our copper pipes from the 1950s spring annoying plumbing leaks all the time — we're even good at spotting future leaks because they often present as corrosion or water stains.
- Check Outdoor Spigots: Ensure outdoor spigots are not leaking, which can reduce overall water pressure.
- Monitor Your Water Meter: Turn off all water in your home and observe the water meter. If it continues to move, you may have a hidden leak.
3. Adjusting the Pressure Regulator (Pressure-Reducing Valve)
- Locate the Regulator: Typically found where the main water line enters your home, near the shut-off water valve.
- Adjust the Screw: Use a wrench to adjust the screw on the top of the regulator. Turning it clockwise will increase water pressure.
- Test the Pressure: Make small adjustments and test the water pressure until you reach the desired level.
When to Call a Professional for Plumbing Services
If you've tried the above solutions and still experience a lack of water pressure, it might be time to call a knowledgeable plumber.
- Major Leaks: Persistent low pressure can be a sign of a major leak or pipe break that requires professional repair.
- Old Plumbing Systems: Homes with old plumbing may need significant upgrades or replacements to restore adequate flow of water.
FAQs
How do I know if my water pressure regulator is faulty?
A faulty water pressure regulator can cause inconsistent water pressure throughout your home. Signs of a failing regulator include sudden drops in pressure, water hammer noises, or pressure that fluctuates without warning. If adjusting the regulator doesn't resolve the issue, it might need to be replaced.
Can low water pressure be a sign of a larger problem?
Unfortunately, yes. A decrease in water pressure can sometimes indicate a more significant issue, such as a major leak, corroded pipes, or problems with your municipal water supply pipe. If simple fixes don't improve your water pressure, it's best to consult a professional plumber to diagnose and address the underlying cause. If it's your municipal water supply, your local water authority may also be able to help you navigate plumbing issues.
