Homeowners often begin to notice signs of a buckling roof when visible deformities appear. Initial signs of damage might be waves or ripples in the roof's surface as other issues become increasingly obvious. Heavy rain during a major storm can amplify moisture issues, but it's more likely that they've been developing for some time. If you suspect potential damage, it's important to connect with a trustworthy professional contractor.
There are many factors that cause roof leaks, from poor quality roofing materials to structural damage affecting individual shingles. Understanding the causes and speaking with a professional roofing contractor can help you gauge the next steps for roof repair.
What does roof buckling look like?
"Buckled roof shingles look raised, like something under the surface is pushing them up," shares Mike Thomas, CARE Training Lead at GAF. "Depending on the cause, it can be visible in a few ways.
- Heaving roof sheathing. When caused by the heaving of the roof sheathing, the buckling of the roof can be visible where the sheets of sheathing butt against each other. This can typically be identified by being almost perfectly vertical with the spacing of the buckling coinciding with the dimensions of the sheathing panels or decking. A contributing factor to this source of buckling can be that the sheathing panels were installed without leaving a small gap between them. This small gap, typically ⅛”, gives the roofing underlayment room to expand as temperature and humidity change.
- Buckling can also be caused by the underlayment beneath the shingles not being flat. This buckling may be less uniform and has an appearance that is much like a mole run in a lawn. This can be due to poor installation or as a result of humidity or a high moisture level causing the underlayment to wrinkle or ridge."
Curling vs. Buckling
Consider the issues you're facing from ground level (it's safer down there). If you have a one-story home, climb up on the ladder to the roof's edge to take a closer look. You'll want to consider whether the layer of shingles affected reflects a small area, or if your entire roof needs attention. Try to distinguish whether your shingles are curling or buckling:
- The curling of shingles makes them look convex or concave. “Curling shingles are often a sign that your roof is due for some attention, as they can indicate aging materials, poor ventilation, or even improper installation,” says Mike Cimino, President of Monroe Roofing + Siding in Rochester, NY. “This issue is more common on older asphalt roofs and often appears on areas exposed to prolonged sunlight or heat, like the south-facing sections. You’ll typically notice the corners or edges of the shingles lifting or curving."
- Buckled shingles look like they are bulging from the roof. It will seem like the entire shingle is raised upward. "When shingles start to buckle, it's an indication that something under the shingles is the concern. The sheathing or underlayment being buckled or wrinkled is being telegraphed up through the shingles," warns Thomas. It could be wet underlayment, damaged asphalt shingles, or excess moisture buildup in the roof deck.
Can you fix buckling shingles from inside an unfinished attic?
"Yes, one can absolutely take some steps to reduce if not fully eliminate the buckling," shares Thomas. "When the buckling is not due to improper installation, the most likely contributing factor is excessive moisture content or humidity."
He continues, "Roofing systems and attic spaces rely on proper ventilation to breathe and allow excess humidity to escape. Without adequate ventilation, the attic humidity levels can rise, causing sheathing to expand and buckle. Having a properly trained roofing professional check and correct any ventilation issues will help ensure that the humidity can escape and in time, reduce the buckling that takes place as temperatures change." Installing a whole house fan is a great first step, but consider getting a professional inspection to audit your space and determine what else you can do to cure poor ventilation.
"Resources like the GAF Attic Ventilation Calculator can also be helpful," suggests Thomas. "[The calculator] determines the proper amount of ventilation based on U.S. guidelines and provides options for ventilation products to suit individual needs and preferences."
How often should I schedule regular inspections for my roof?
Schedule regular inspections at least twice a year, ideally in the spring and fall. This helps identify any potential issues early, such as roof damage, mold growth, or premature curling of shingles, and allows for timely repairs before they escalate into more significant problems.
What are the benefits of proper roof ventilation?
Proper roof ventilation helps homeowners maintain moisture equilibrium and prevent issues like mold growth and water damage. It helps regulate temperature fluctuations, reduces the risk of premature curling of shingles, and ensures good air circulation. Installing intake vents and other ventilation solutions can significantly improve the longevity and performance of your roof.
Can a simple repair address underlying issues, or is a complete roof replacement necessary?
While a simple repair can address minor issues like an adhesive strip coming loose or small areas of roof damage, underlying issues such as extensive water damage or compromised roof decking may require a complete roof replacement. Connect with a professional roofer who can help determine the best course of action based on the extent of the damage.
